The association between maternal and fetal 25OHD and infant size and adiposity at birth, 6 months and 2 years of age

Background: While the effects of Vitamin D in pregnancy and offspring bone health are well established, there remains a dearth of knowledge on the effect of maternal Vitamin D status on offspring size and adiposity. The aim of this study was to examine the association of early and late pregnancy and fetal 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) on offspring size and on adiposity at birth, at 6 months and at 2 years of age in a cohort from the ROLO (Randomised cOntrol trial of LOw glycaemic index diet versus no dietary intervention to prevent recurrence of fetal macrosomia study). Methods: 272 mother and infant pairs from the ROLO study were included in this analysis at 20 weeks gestation, 290 at 34 weeks gestation, 292 at birth, 160 at 6 months postpartum and 287 at 2 years postpartum. 25OHD was measured in mothers in early (13 weeks) and late (28 weeks) gestation, and in fetal umbilical cord blood samples at delivery. Results: According to Institute of Medicine 2011 Report, 30% in early pregnancy and 38% in late pregnancy were at risk of Vitamin D deficiency (25OHD