Double-blinded, randomized, and controlled study on the effects of canagliflozin after bariatric surgery: A pilot study

SETTING: Bariatric surgery is indicated for patients diagnosed with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Many patients achieve type 2 diabetes remission soon after bariatric surgery. Even though most maintain good glycemic control, remission is not maintained in all patients, and as a result, some patients may relapse. Type 2 diabetes relapse is common in patients who regain weight; weight regain is prevalent 1 to 2 years after surgery. Additional pharmacotherapy may be required to aid bariatric surgery in fostering weight loss and reducing blood glucose levels. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this clinical trial was to determine the effects of canagliflozin in participants who initially achieved type 2 diabetes remission but subsequently relapsed. METHODS: The double-blinded, randomized, and prospective study recruited participants (n = 16) roughly 3 years after bariatric surgery. The participants were followed for 6 months. RESULTS: Body mass index (-1.24 kg/m(2)) and body weight (-3.7 kg) were significantly reduced with canagliflozin therapy versus placebo. There were improvements in body fat composition as denoted by reductions in android (-3.00%) and truncal (-2.67%) fat. Also, there were differences in blood glucose and hemoglobin A1C at 6 months. CONCLUSION: After bariatric surgery, canagliflozin improved weight loss and glycemic outcomes in participants with type 2 diabetes. Canagliflozin also facilitated improvements in body fat composition.